Efficacy of pharmacological methods used for treating tobacco dependence: meta-analysis
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Efficacy of pharmacological methods used for treating tobacco dependence: meta-analysis.
OBJECTIVES The present study summarizes available evidence describing efficacy of pharmacological methods used in smoking cessation and presents the results of new meta-analyses examining their 12-month efficacy. This work represents part of a larger program examining the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of different methods used in smoking cessation. PATIENTS AND METHODS The first part of the...
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Tobacco use continues to cause 5 million preventable deaths worldwide each year. Despite effective treatments being available, these are underutilized and cessation rates remain low. As tobacco use has complex physiological effects, there are multiple opportunities for novel pharmacological agents to play a role in a comprehensive treatment plan. The endocannabinoid system has been linked to th...
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There are currently three licensed therapies for smoking cessation: nicotine replacement (NR), bupropion and varenicline. NR can be indicated for: 1) aid in abrupt cessation; 2) gradual reduction in order to quit smoking; 3) temporary abstinence; and 4) smoking reduction maintenance. A meta-analysis has found that the relative risk of abstinence for any form of NR relative to control was 1.6. I...
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Most cigarettes contain around 10 mg of nicotine, about 1 mg of which is actually absorbed by inhalation of smoke. An average smoker awakens in the morning with blood nicotine levels of less than 5 ng/ml (the half-life of nicotine is about two hours). Afternoon nicotine levels are generally in the range of 15-80 ng/ml. The typical nicotine boost from an afternoon cigarette is 10-15 ng/ml (Fould...
متن کاملTreating tobacco dependence among African Americans: a meta-analytic review.
OBJECTIVE African Americans suffer disproportionately from smoking-related morbidity and mortality; yet it is unclear whether existing treatments benefit this population. The purposes of this meta-analysis were to evaluate the overall efficacy of smoking cessation interventions (SCIs) among African American adults and to examine specific study characteristics and methods that influence treatmen...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Polish Archives of Internal Medicine
سال: 2008
ISSN: 1897-9483
DOI: 10.20452/pamw.296